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Dynamic analysis of landslide in the north Bengal-Sikkim duringAuthors: Niharika Rao Shiny,Dr D Neelima Satyam Conference: The 11th International Symposium on Mitigation of Geo-Disasters in Asia (MGDA-11) Location Kathmandu, Nepal Date: 2013-10-22 Report no: IIIT/TR/2013/99 AbstractConstruction of road network and maintenance of transportation system, in the Himalayan regions is a major task for the engineers. Almost every year in monsoon season roads in this region get blocked due to landslides. Sikkim is one of the states in India and a part of Eastern Himalaya situated between 27000‟46” to 28007‟48” N latitude and 88000‟58” to 88055‟25”E longitude, covered an area of 7,096 km2. On September 18, 2011, a strong earthquake hit at Sikkim-Nepal border with a magnitude of 6.9. The epicentre location is at 27.7°N and 88.2°E, with a focal depth of 10.0 km in Sikkim. It was a shallow focus event, which was felt in Nepal, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh and China. Tremors which lasted for about 30–40 s were also north and north eastern states of the country. The strongest shaking occurred in west side of Sikkim, mostly in Gangtok and further in Siliguri at south Sikkim. Strong earthquakes frequently cause a huge number of landslides in large scale, in hilly and mountainous areas. Sikkim caused huge number of landslides during this earthquake as shown in Fig. 1. Nearly 120 people died, besides this several buildings/structures are collapsed causing sever economical loss. Several landslides have occurred from the Himalayan foot hill region up to the higher Himalayan range of Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas. Different road stretches of Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas revealed more than 210 landslides approximately in which, 114 are debris slides, 77 are rockslides and 8 are rock falls approximately. Due to very poor road network in this region and because of no alternate route, people face lot of troubles because of landslides. Around one lakh people are estimated as homeless after this event. Shallow translational type landslides are induced during earthquake are having failure planes of average depth ranging between 2 m and 5 m. Slope covered by thin unconsolidated screened deposits and debris slope which consist unconsolidated material are prone to slope failure during this earthquake. Full paper: pdf Centre for Earthquake Engineering |
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