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Usability Evaluation Framework for Mobile Apps Using Source Code AnalysisAuthor: Neeraj Mathur Date: 2019-02-12 Report no: IIIT/TH/2019/17 Advisor:Raghu Reddy AbstractApple Inc. unveiled the first iPhone in 2007. Cutting edge technology was introduced in the smartphone with an interface that allowed users to interact with the device through various modes. Also,the ecosystem facilitated developers to create applications on mobile platforms, popularly referred to as “Mobile Apps”. Mobile apps are software applications designed to run on smart-phones, tablets, and other mobile devices. They are typically available through app stores operated by entities that own the corresponding mobile operating system. By 2020, its been forecasted that mobile apps shall generate around 189 billion USD [49] in revenues via app stores and in-app advertising. The increasing use of smart-phones has led to mobile applications replacing or supplementing traditional web-based applications. Given the limitations of the form factor in smart-phones, Usability is one of the essential attributes that determine the success of a mobile apps. The measures available for assessing the usability of mobile apps tend to focus more on the human aspects and less on the functional aspects of Usability. Also, quantitative metrics that measure usability of mobile apps are very limited. As part of our initial research, we studied mobile apps in banking and finance domain. An analysis of the usability issues reported by the mobile users helped capture the challenges faced by these users as part of their day-to-day transactions. Various market giants have proposed varied usability guidelines to enrich user experience (like ISO, Android, Neilson Norman group etc). These guidelines are the repository for software practitioners to build usable mobile apps. However, there are no definitive standards or effective tools to detect and address usability issues. This made us propose a few banking specific usability guidelines based on a usability index called Mobile App Usability Index (MAUI).This study helped us establish an understanding of the functional and non-functional aspects of usability features while building a mobile app. Traditionally, usability evaluation is considered as a post-development activity which is usually taken care of by UX/UI Experts. Usability evaluation was done manually using various methods like cognitive walk-through, field studies, group studies etc, which delays detection of usability issues and requires re-development to address violations. To address this challenge, we formulated a usability framework called UMETRIX to conduct an automated usability evaluation for mobile app developers. The framework is flexible and developer friendly. The framework helps software practitioners validate and verify the presence of a usability guideline in a mobile app using code analysis. We built an automated tool using our framework that has the flexibility to create developer friendly use-cases to evaluate the presence of a guideline along with a code-snippet recommendation engine to ease developers to choose a code template for implementing the desired usability guideline. We consider this framework as a productivity tool for developers to pre-validate and evaluate usability issues during the development phases of a mobile app. As part of our research, we collaborated with open source software mobile app vendors for a field study. Additionally, we conducted industrial empirical study on a few FinTech app vendors and captured their observations and results. We collaborated with industry practitioners in their mobile app development to address mobile usability issues on their pre-released version of the mobile app. The collaboration helped us document the guidelines which are possible for evaluation using code analysis. Full thesis: pdf Centre for Software Engineering Research Lab |
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